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First Flight |
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The First Flight - AEROSPACE 100 - Celebrating
a Century of Powered Flight |
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Four years later on 17 December
1903, at 10:35 a.m., the Wright Brothers achieved their dream.
It was Orville Wright who flew first that morning and he later
wrote about that historic event: |
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“The course of the flight up
and down was exceedingly erratic, partly due to the irregularity
of the air, and partly to lack of experience in handling
this machine. The control of the front rudder was difficult
on account of its being balanced too near the centre. This
gave it a tendency to turn itself when started; so that
it turned too far on one side and then too far on the other.
As a result the machine would rise suddenly to about ten
feet, and then as suddenly dart for the ground. A sudden
dart when a little over a hundred feet from the point at
which it rose into air, ended the flight. As the velocity
of the wind was over the ground (at 35 feet per second),
(and) against this wind ten feet per second (was achieved),
the speed of the machine relative to the air was over 45
feet per second, and the length of the flight was equivalent
to a flight of 540 feet made in calm air. This flight lasted
only 12 seconds, (and covered 120 feet across the ground)
but it was nevertheless the first in the history of the
world in which a machine carrying a man had raised itself
by its own power into the air in full flight, had sailed
forward without reduction of speed and had finally landed
at a point as high as that from which it started.”
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The second flight that day was made by Wilbur
Wright. |
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“The course of this flight was
much like that of the first, very much up and down. The
speed over the ground was somewhat faster than that of the
first flight, due to the lesser wind. The duration of the
flight was less than a second longer than the first, but
the distance covered was about seventy-five feet greater.”
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Orville made another flight about an hour
after the first. It almost proved his undoing. |
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“This one was steadier than
the first one an hour before. I was proceeding along pretty
well when a sudden gust from the right lifted the machine
up twelve to fifteen feet and turned it up sidewise in an
alarming manner. It began a lively sidling off to the left.
I warped the wings to try to recover the lateral balance
and reach the ground as quickly as possible. The lateral
control was more effective than I had imagined and before
I reached the ground the right wing was lower than the left
and struck first. The time of this flight was fifteen seconds
and the distance over the ground a little over 200 feet.”
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The fourth, and final, flight
of the day was made by Wilbur. |
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“The first few hundred feet
were up and down, as before, but by the time three hundred
feet had been covered, the machine was under much better
control. The course of the next four or five hundred feet
had but little undulation. However, when out about eight
hundred feet the machine began pitching again, and, in one
of the its darts downward, struck the ground. The distance
over the ground was measured and found to be 852 feet; the
time of the flight 59 seconds.”
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After landing safely, a sudden
gust of wind overturned the machine and put an end to further
flying attempts for the season.
From this modest beginning 100 years ago on the sand dunes of
Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, man’s age old dreams of flight were
realised and the course of history was changed forever.
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A high-level international
conference, organized by Economist Conferences on the theme: "Greater China Aviation in the New Century:
Stronger/ Higher/ Faster "
on 19-20 February |
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